Intrauterine Devices (IUDs) are a popular choice of contraception. In our Werribee GP clinic, many of the same questions pop up. So we’ve created this article to help answer some of the most frequently asked questions about IUDs.
If you’re considering contraception options and would you like to know more about IUDs, then read on to learn more on the following topics:
Read this article in full, or click a link above to jump directly to an area of interest.
Please note that this article is intended for informational purposes only and we advise that you see your GP or medical professional for advice personalised to you and your circumstances. Please click here if you’d like to learn more about The Clinic and or to book an appointment with one of our doctors.
What is an Intrauterine Device (IUD)?
An IUD is a form of contraception that, according to Sexual Health Victoria, is “among the most effective methods of contraception and more than 99% effective at preventing pregnancy”.
The Intrauterine Device is small and is inserted into the uterus to help in the prevention of pregnancy.
There are two main types of IUDs available in Australia:
Hormonal IUD: The hormonal IUD is also known as the progesterone IUD. It releases a small amount of the hormone progestogen that thickens the cervical mucus which then helps to stop sperm from reaching and fertilising an egg. For some women, the Hormonal IUD may help reduce menstrual bleeding.
Copper IUD: The Copper IUD is a non-hormonal option that aids in the prevention of pregnancy by acting as a spermicide. This then helps to prevent the sperm from reaching and fertilising an egg. Copper IUDs are sometimes preferred by those seeking a hormone-free contraceptive option.
How to choose between the two IUD options: hormonal IUD or copper IUD?
If you’re wanting an IUD but unsure of which one to choose, it’s best to speak with your GP to discuss the advantages and risks of each. When inserted correctly by a trained professional, both are considered highly effective contraceptive methods, but which option you choose is individual.
How long does an IUD last?
IUDs offer a long term contraception option without the need for daily pills. Once inserted, there’s nothing more that needs to be done until you decide to have it removed (or are advised to based on the recommended parameters of the IUD of choice). This makes them an appealing option for women seeking a long-term, low-maintenance contraceptive option.
IUDs offer 5 plus years of contraception, depending on which type you decide on. The Copper IUD can last up to 10 years.
The Hormonal IUD lifespan depends on which brand:
Mirena: lasts up to 8 years (In June 2024, The Therapeutic Goods Associations extended the Mirena’s lifespan for up to 8 years)
Kyleena: lasts up to 5 years.
Who is eligible for an IUD?
While IUDs are generally suitable for most women and those who menstruate, it’s always best to seek individual advice from your GP to make an informed decision on whether an IUD is right for you, and then which kind of IUD (copper or hormonal)
Certain factors may influence whether an IUD is the right choice. The factors may include:
Age
Reproductive plans
Medical history
Personal preferences
And more
Your GP can help guide you on determining if an IUD is appropriate for you, or if another contraception may be better suited to meet your needs and lifestyle.
How is an IUD Inserted?
The insertion of an IUD is generally a straightforward procedure performed by a trained medical professional, such as our experienced women’s health GP, Dr Teresa Lum.
The procedure is quick, usually only taking a few minutes. Some may find the procedure relatively painless while others may experience mild discomfort. Speak with your GP about potential risks and side effects prior to the procedure.
Following the insertion, your GP may recommend that you book a follow up appointment to ensure that the IUD is positioned correctly and to speak with you about any potential concerns.
The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists suggests that most women tolerate the procedure well, but everyone’s experience is different.
How effective are IUDs?
IUDs are one of the most effective forms of contraception available. When inserted correctly by a trained professional, an IUD offers 99% effectiveness in preventing pregnancy (please note that the hormonal IUDs effectiveness declines to 97% between the sixth and eighth year).
It’s important to note that while IUDs help in the prevention of pregnancy, they do not protect from sexually transmitted infections (STIs). If you are at risk of an STI, it's always best to use a condom to help reduce your risk. Speak with your GP if you’d like to know more about sexual health, contraception and STI prevention and treatment.
Do IUDs cause any side effects?
Any medical procedure comes with risk and potential side effects. Again, we recommend that you speak to a qualified medical professional about the risk of IUDs to make an informed decision.
Some of the reported, potential risk and side effects of IUDs include:
Irregular bleeding
Cramping
Reduced menstrual flow (hormonal IUD)
Heavier menstrual flow and cramping (copper IUD)
Small risk of infection (in the following weeks after insertion)
IUD shifting or coming out
IUD fails and results in pregnancy
And more
We haven’t covered all of the risks and potential side effects. If you’d like to know more, have a detailed conversation with your GP.
Many find that the IUD is a convenient option that causes little to no side effects while others may experience ongoing side effects. Seek immediate medical attention if you feel like something is wrong, have a fever or lower back pain, experience side effects that trouble you or if you can no longer feel the IUDs’ string.
IUD Removal and Replacement
An IUD can be removed or replaced at any time by a qualified GP or medical professional. There are several reasons why you may want your IUD removed, whether you’d like to start trying to conceive, try another contraceptive option, replace it, or simply no longer want to have it.
If your IUD is reaching the end of its recommended lifespan, your GP can usually replace your IUD during the same visit.
Misconceptions About IUDs
Contraception is often surrounded by myths and misconceptions, and IUDs are not exempt from this. It’s important to be informed when making a decision about any medical procedure including IUDs, so we’ve included three common misconceptions regarding IUDS:
Do IUDs impact fertility? Perhaps the one we hear the most is fears around IUDs impacting fertility in the future. Family Planning NSW reports that fertility typically returns to normal once the IUD is removed.
Are IUDs Only for Long-Term Use? While IUDs are a great option for long-term contraception, getting an IUD isn’t a commitment to a certain timeframe. An IUD can be removed at any time, and for any reason, by a trained healthcare professional.
Are IUDs Only Suitable for Women Who Have Had Children? It used to be more common for IUDs to be recommended primarily to women who had already had children, but that is no longer the case. Modern IUDs are appropriate for many women, including those who have never had children. Suitability depends on individual factors, not parental status.
If you have questions or concerns about the suitability of an IUD, our women’s health GP can provide you with evidence-based information to help you make an informed choice.
IUD Services at The Clinic
Our GP clinic in Werribee is dedicated to providing comprehensive women’s health services. Our GP, Dr Teresa Lum, has a special interest in women’s health and is experienced in the insertion and removal of IUDs. We prioritise a compassionate, patient-centred approach, ensuring you feel comfortable and well-informed throughout the process.
It’s important to discuss your health and contraceptive needs with a qualified healthcare provider to make the best decision for your body. If you’d like to learn more about IUDs or book a consultation, we’re here to support you every step of the way.
Women’s Health Clinic
We have a Women’s Health Clinic here at The Clinic. We understand that women need healthcare that is personalised throughout all stages of their lives. We provide a comprehensive range of women’s health services. Book your appointment or contact us.
Book an Appointment
Considering an IUD or want to learn more about your contraceptive options? Book an appointment with our experienced GPs today. We’re here to provide you with expert advice and personalised care tailored to your needs.
This article is intended for informational purposes and does not substitute professional medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider for advice tailored to your individual circumstances.
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